'Rural Livelihoods' framework argues that interventions that play a role in facilitating an increase in the poor's livelihood assets and resources thereby also diversifying the livelihoods itself have a potential for reducing poverty. Telecenters can play direct and indirect roles in facilitating the poor's access to more livelihood resources and assets and influencing the adoption of diverse livelihood strategies: with it, poverty can be reduced.
Sunstainable Livelihoods Guidance Sheets (by Department for International Development, DIFID) has a broader definition of Livelihood and its sustainability. A livelihoods comprises the capabilities, assets (including both material and social resources) and activities required for a means of living. A livelihood is sustainable when it can cope with and recover from stresses and shocks and maintain or enhance its capabilities and assets both now and in the future, while not undermining the natural resource base. It has following five main assets:
1. Human Capital;
2. Natural Capital;
3. Financial Capital;
4. Social Capital; and
5. Physical Capital.
In Nepal agriculture contributes to 40% of national GDP but employs more than 2/3 of the labor force and is main source of income for majority of rural and poor population (World Bank). Based on this fact, this website has attempted to map mainly agriculture content on to livelihood approach. The five capitals, hence, are broadly translated and mapped in following manner:
1. Human Capital = Education, training and employment mainly in agriculture sector;
2. Natural Capital = Non Timber Forest Product (NTFPs), Spices and Commercial products;
3. Financial Capital = Access to finance for rural poor;
4. Social Capital = Empowerment of rural communities; and
5. Physical Capital = Infrastructure that will link rural poors to capital markets.
Apart from farming, rural farmer's livelihood may include many forms of income generating ownerships. It may vary from animal husbandry to poultry to selling NTFPs. On the other hand, a poor individual with entrepreneurial edge may have the right business intelligence but may lack source of reliable and helpful information. In the same manner, small and medium enterprises (SME) may seek more profit making capital markets. Telecenters can bridge this information gap, given these centers pro-actively assess needs of their corresponding communities and tailor their services accordingly to it. Moreover, in a rural farmer's case Telecenters would develop services to find the seeds and fertilizer he needs; link market after harvest where better profits can be made; or provide information on animal husbandry, poultry and NTFPs including facilitating better market places. For the entrepreneur, Telecenter would find right information and even find an investor. In the same manner it would promote SME and its products for better profits. |